Help:IPA/French

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Template:IPA key The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents French language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see {{IPA-fr}}, {{IPAc-fr}} and Lua error: Cannot create process: proc_open(/home4/iltornan/lua/error.log): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory.

French has no word-level stress so stress marks should not be used in transcribing French words. See French phonology and French orthography for a more thorough look at the sounds of French.

Consonants
IPA Examples English approximation
Template:IPAlink bon about
Template:IPAlink deux, grande today
Template:IPAlink faire, vif festival
Template:IPAlink garçon, longue again
Template:IPAlink corps, avec sky
Template:IPAlink laisser, possible, seul loo
Template:IPAlink même moo
Template:IPAlink nous, bonne no
Template:IPAlink gagner, champagne canyon
Template:IPAlink camping, bingo[1] camping
Template:IPAlink père, groupe spy
Template:IPAlink regarder, nôtre[2] Guttural R, roughly like Scottish English loch
Template:IPAlink sans, ça, assez sir
Template:IPAlink chance shoe
Template:IPAlink tout, thé, grand-oncle sty
Template:IPAlink vous, wagon, neuf heures vein
Template:IPAlink zéro, raison, chose zeal
Template:IPAlink jamais, visage measure
Semivowels
Template:IPAlink fief, payer, fille, travail yet
Template:IPAlink oui, loi, moyen, web, whisky wet
Template:IPAlink huit, Puy like a simultaneous wet and yet
Vowels[3]
Oral vowels
IPA Examples English approximation
Template:IPAlink patte, là trap
Template:IPAlink pâte, glas[4] bra
Template:IPAlink clé, les, chez, aller, pied, journée hit
Template:IPAlink baie, faite, mettre, renne, crème, peine best
Template:IPAlink fête, mtre, mètre, reine, rtre, caisse, presse, Lemaistre, Lévesque[4] fairy
Template:IPAlink reposer, monsieur, faisons[5] again (often elided, see e muet)
Template:IPAlink si, île, régie, y bee
Template:IPAlink sœur, jeune roughly like bird
Template:IPAlink ceux, jner, queue roughly like bird
Template:IPAlink saut, haut, bureau story
Template:IPAlink sort, minimum off
Template:IPAlink coup, roue too
Template:IPAlink tu, sûr, rue roughly like few
Nasal vowels
Template:IPAlink sans, champ, vent, temps, Jean, taon roughly like on; nasalized Template:IPAblink or Template:IPAblink; rendez-vous
Template:IPAlink vin, impair, pain, daim, plein, Reims, synthèse, sympa, bien roughly like man; nasalized Template:IPAblink or Template:IPAblink; coq au vin
Template:IPAlink un, parfum[4] roughly like burn; nasalized Template:IPAblink
Template:IPAlink son, nom roughly like long; nasalized Template:IPAblink or Template:IPAblink
Suprasegmentals
IPA Example Description
Template:IPAlink pays [pe.i][6] syllable boundary
les agneaux [lez‿aɲo] liaison[7]

Notes

  1. In European French, Template:IPAslink is often pronounced [ŋɡ], but in Québec, it is merged with /ɲ/.
  2. The French rhotic /ʁ/ is usually uvular, but it varies by region. For example, in Québec both Template:IPAblink and Template:IPAblink are used, depending on both region and age.
  3. Nasal vowels are lengthened before any consonant, but oral vowels are lengthened before [v, ʁ, z, ʒ].
  4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 In Parisian French, /œ̃/ is usually merged with /ɛ̃/, /ɑ/ with /a/ and /ɛː/ with /ɛ/. The pairs may be distinguished in Belgian, Swiss and Canadian French and in some regions of France or among older speakers.
  5. /ə/ is frequently pronounced as Template:IPAblink. See e muet for more information.
  6. The syllable break ⟨.⟩ is used sparingly.
  7. In liaison, the latent final consonant is pronounced before a following vowel sound, but s and x are voiced and pronounced Template:IPAblink, and d is unvoiced and pronounced Template:IPAblink.

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Template:IPA keys